More than seven million passengers use the Moscow subway every day, which promotes the exchange of microorganisms between people and the surrounding subway environment. ![]() The subway is one of the most actively used means of transport in the traffic infrastructure of large metropolitan areas. The obtained results provide valuable information on the diversity of bacterial communities in the Moscow subway, one of the most socially important facilities in metropolitan areas. We also provided a comparative analysis of these results with the previously published data, which allowed us to identify the distribution of microorganisms associated with the human microbiome and the environment regardless of the seasonal fluctuations. The relatively older Cherkizovskaya station possessed greater diversity in antibiotic resistance among the identified microorganisms compared to Novokosino station. It was shown that most bacterial genera were ubiquitous however, the unique genera were presented in aerosol samples. ![]() The microbiomes of two subway stations (Novokosino and Cherkizovskaya) were reconstructed which differ in terms of passenger traffic and duration of exploitation. ![]() ![]() In this study, we aimed to conduct an extended analysis of the bioaerosol and surface microbiome of the Moscow subway, using 16S rRNA gene sample sequencing and classical microbiology methods. Investigation of microbiome diversity and description of its characteristic properties, e.g., antibiotic-resistance profiles, leads to understanding of these interactions. Public transport facilities, including subway systems, provide the most suitable conditions for the transfer of microorganisms between people and the environment, contributing to the pathogenic potential of the urban habitat.
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